Vehicle monitoring system

ABSTRACT

A vehicle monitoring system includes a central processor operable to receive data from multiple vehicles, with each of the multiple vehicles being equipped with a plurality of vision sensors, a plurality of non-vision sensors, and an ECU. The central processor is operable to wirelessly receive, from each of the multiple vehicles, vehicle data and environment data. Responsive to vehicle data and environment data received from the multiple vehicles, the central processor determines if one or more of the vehicles is at or approaching a hazardous condition. Responsive to the determination that one or more of the vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, the central monitoring system at least one of (i) actuates an alert of the threatened vehicle to alert a driver of that vehicle of the determined hazardous condition and (ii) controls a vehicle system of the threatened vehicle to mitigate the determined hazardous condition.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/561,794, filed Dec. 5, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,499,139, which claims the filing benefits of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 62/047,194, filed Sep. 8, 2014, and Ser. No. 61/912,146, filed Dec. 5, 2013, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to a sensor system for a vehicle and, more particularly, to vehicle sensor systems that are linked to a central monitoring system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Communication systems for vehicles may provide for communication between vehicles and/or between a vehicle and a remote server. Examples of such systems are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,580,795, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a central monitoring system that receives inputs from vehicles (such as autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicles) travelling on a road and inputs indicative of the environment surrounding the vehicle or vehicles and that communicates with a subject or monitored vehicle (automated or semi-automated driven) and other surrounding vehicles in real-time to provide an additional level of fault tolerance to the monitored vehicle travelling on a road. Responsive to the inputs, the central monitoring system determines if the monitored vehicle or vehicles are at or approaching a hazardous condition. When it is determined that the monitored vehicle or vehicles are in or at or approaching a potentially hazardous condition, the central monitoring system actuates an alert of the vehicle to alert the driver or occupant of the hazard and/or actuates or controls a vehicle system (such as a brake system or steering system or collision avoidance system of the vehicle) to avoid or minimize the risk of the hazardous situation. The vehicles communicate with the central monitoring systems via a wireless network or link, such as a 3G/4G network, V2X communication system or high speed network. The system of the present invention also provides fault tolerant and reconfigurable system architecture for an automated vehicle that communicates with the central monitoring system via a high speed redundant communication link to improve the reliability and availability of the system to meet level 3 and level 4 of automated driving with very little or no human intervention.

These and other objects, advantages, purposes and features of the present invention will become apparent upon review of the following specification in conjunction with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic of a vehicle and central monitoring system in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic showing operation of the central monitoring system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a fault tolerant system architecture in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diverse redundancy sensor configuration in accordance with the present invention; and

FIG. 5 is a chart showing the sensor coverage areas of the vehicle sensors of the sensor configuration shown in FIG. 4.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A vehicle sensor system and/or driver assist system and/or alert system operates to communicate vehicle information to a central monitoring system, which receives information pertaining to the environment at or surrounding the equipped vehicle or vehicles that are linked to the central monitoring system (FIG. 1). The vehicle-based components may include one or more sensors, an automated or semi-automated controller, an internal safety monitoring system, one or more fault tolerant actuators (such as actuators of various vehicle systems, such as brake systems, steering systems and/or the like) and one or more alert/warning systems. The central monitoring system may receive an input from the vehicle controller or sensors or the like, and may receive an input from another source (that may provide information from other vehicles at or near the subject or monitored vehicle) and may receive an input pertaining to weather information, traffic information and/or the like, such as from the internet or the like. Responsive to the inputs, the central monitoring system may control or communicate a signal to control the actuators or the alert/warning system of the vehicle, such as when the inputs are indicative of the vehicle being in or approaching a hazardous condition or the like. The monitoring and alert/control system of the present invention may utilize aspects of the systems described in U.S. Publication Nos. US 2012-0218412, published Aug. 30, 2012, US 2012-0002743, published Mar. 15, 2012, and/or US 2013-0222592, published Aug. 29, 2013, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

As the automotive industry is moving towards automated and semi-automated vehicle technology as well as high speed connectivity, it is important to have an additional real-time safety monitoring system in place so that it a system is provided for an additional external monitoring of the vehicles and is operable to take necessary safety actions in case of system malfunction.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 2, equipped vehicles communicate with the central monitoring system, which monitors the vehicle behavior in real time along with environment information (map database information, traffic information, weather condition information). Responsive to a determination that one of the vehicles being monitored is at or approaching a threat or hazardous condition (such as a traffic jam or accident or hazardous weather conditions or the like), the system controls and commands the safety actuators installed in the threatened vehicle or vehicles so that the driver of the vehicle or vehicles are alerted to the hazard and/or so that the vehicle is controlled and takes safety action (such as via control of a collision avoidance system or the like of the vehicle).

As can be seen with reference to FIG. 2, during operation, all of the vehicles being monitored will transmit the safety critical parameters in real time using a secure high speed network. Such safety critical parameters may include, for example, vehicle longitudinal velocity, lateral velocity, longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, intent to change lane (such as responsive to actuation of a turn signal indicator), system breakdown, location information (such as responsive to a GPS system or the like), lane information (such as responsive to a vision-based system of the vehicle or the like), objects and lane information determined by diverse redundancy sensors and/or the like.

A central server receives the signals from the vehicles. The central server has a monitoring software running in real time and monitoring the all the vehicles, with all connected vehicle data and map data base, traffic information, weather condition information and/or the like. The central server has a powerful computation capability and is operable to process the real time data from all the connected vehicles map data base, traffic information, weather condition information and the like. The central server is operable to monitor all of the connected or linked vehicles.

In the event of the automated/semi-automated vehicle's malfunction, the central monitoring software will have all the information about the environment at which the vehicle is travelling. Thus, the central server may control or command the safety alert/actuators installed in the vehicle or vehicles that may be in danger to alert the driver of that vehicle or vehicles or to control one or more vehicle systems of that vehicle or vehicles to take necessary safety action, such as to take a different route to avoid an accident or dangerous or extreme weather conditions or the like.

The monitored vehicle may comprise an automated or autonomous or semi-automated vehicle equipped with a high speed communication link as well as a safety actuation/alert module, which is controlled by central monitoring software.

The vehicles communicate with the central monitoring systems via a wireless network or link, such as a 3G/4G network or high speed network. The network may include a 3G/4G/High speed modem, which may be linked to the automated or semi-automated controller and the safety actuators and alert device of the vehicle and the actuators, such as for controlling the vehicle brakes, vehicle steering, torque control, warning and alert devices of the vehicle.

The present invention has a significant potential in external safety monitoring system for automated and semi-automated vehicles.

Optionally, the present invention may provide fault tolerant and reconfigurable system architecture for autonomous vehicles. As autonomous vehicle are becoming reality, it is important to come up with fault tolerant reconfigurable system architecture to meet level 3 and level 4 of autonomy with very little or no human intervention.

For example, an autonomous vehicle may be equipped with diverse redundancy sensors to detect the environment in which vehicle is operated (or may be responsive to communications from other transmitters or devices or components or systems, such as devices of vehicle to infrastructure (v2x) communication systems or vehicle to vehicle (v2v) communication systems or the like). Diverse redundancy provides good tolerance to common cause failure and also improves the availability of the system. Diverse redundancy sensors (such as shown in FIG. 4) may include (a) a long range radar and a long range windshield camera with night vision capability (see [1], [2] and [11] in FIG. 4), which detect and classify the long distance object in front of the vehicle, (b) a long range lane change and a blind spot detection left camera and radar (see [4] and [5] in FIG. 4) and right camera and radar (see [7] and [8] in FIG. 4), which detect and classify the long distance object at the sides and back of the vehicle, (c) a v2x (and/or v2v) radio (see [9] in FIG. 4), which provides the real time information of the connected vehicles around the equipped vehicle, which is a diverse redundancy of data extracted via vision or RADAR/LIDAR sensor and/or (d) a GPS enabled e-Horizon module [13], which provides information on speed limit, exit and entry ramp location, curvature information, number of lanes and the like, which is a diverse redundancy of data extracted via vision or radar sensor. As shown in FIG. 5, the coverage area around the vehicle may have front long range area of less than about 140 meters ahead of the vehicle and a front short range area of less than about 30 meters ahead of the vehicle. The side and rear short range areas covered by the sensors may be between around 15-20 meters sideward and/or rearward of the vehicle, while the rear long range area may be between about 70-130 meters rearward of the vehicle.

Optionally, and such as shown in FIG. 3, the autonomous vehicle may be equipped with redundant power source to improve the availability of the system. Optionally, the autonomous vehicle may be equipped with a fault tolerant front and rear steering system with dual motor controlled EPS ECU (Electronic Power Steering). When the front steering system is healthy or fully functional, the autonomous controller may use only the front steering system, but in the case of front steering system failure, the autonomous controller detects the failure and, using reconfigurable control structure, starts controlling the rear steering and hence improves the system availability. In applications having a front steering only system, a steering system failure could be handled by the brake system of the vehicle and may to a certain extent improve the availability of the system.

Optionally, the autonomous vehicle may be equipped with redundant computation modules and may be connected to a safety ECU, such as shown in FIG. 3. The redundant safety ECUs monitor the health or operation or functionality of the redundant computation module and control the safety switch to improve the availability of the system.

The system of the present invention monitors the health of computation and safety modules in real-time externally (remote from the vehicle or vehicles), and in the event of a malfunction or failure, actuates or controls the vehicle to minimize the risk of failure. In applications of non-autonomous vehicles, the system may alert the driver of the vehicle or activate the pre-collision preparation system in the vehicle to minimize the damage.

Because of the enhanced computation power to the central processing module (as compared to vehicle-based processors), complex and computational intensive control or monitoring algorithms can be executed in real time to perform the plausibility check and all safety checks of the control output, sensor input and actuator response of the vehicle. Because the central monitoring unit can monitor several vehicles simultaneously, the cost of the vehicle could be kept low because there is no need to install very high computation power hardware in each vehicle.

The vehicle and vehicle sensor system and/or internal monitoring system may utilize one or more cameras or sensors. The camera or sensor may comprise any suitable camera or sensor. Optionally, the camera may comprise a “smart camera” that includes the imaging sensor array and associated circuitry and image processing circuitry and electrical connectors and the like as part of a camera module, such as by utilizing aspects of the vision systems described in International Publication Nos. WO 2013/081984 and/or WO 2013/081985, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

The system may include an image processor operable to process image data captured by the camera or cameras, such as for detecting objects or other vehicles or pedestrians or the like in the field of view of one or more of the cameras. For example, the image processor may comprise an EyeQ2 or EyeQ3 image processing chip available from Mobileye Vision Technologies Ltd. of Jerusalem, Israel, and may include object detection software (such as the types described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,855,755; 7,720,580 and/or 7,038,577, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties), and may analyze image data to detect vehicles and/or other objects. Responsive to such image processing, and when an object or other vehicle is detected, the system may generate an alert to the driver of the vehicle and/or may generate an overlay at the displayed image to highlight or enhance display of the detected object or vehicle, in order to enhance the driver's awareness of the detected object or vehicle or hazardous condition during a driving maneuver of the equipped vehicle.

The vehicle may include any type of sensor or sensors, such as imaging sensors or radar sensors or lidar sensors or ladar sensors or ultrasonic sensors or the like. The imaging sensor or camera may capture image data for image processing and may comprise any suitable camera or sensing device, such as, for example, a two dimensional array of a plurality of photosensor elements arranged in at least 640 columns and 480 rows (at least a 640×480 imaging array, such as a megapixel imaging array or the like), with a respective lens focusing images onto respective portions of the array. The photosensor array may comprise a plurality of photosensor elements arranged in a photosensor array having rows and columns. Preferably, the imaging array has at least 300,000 photosensor elements or pixels, more preferably at least 500,000 photosensor elements or pixels and more preferably at least 1 million photosensor elements or pixels. The imaging array may capture color image data, such as via spectral filtering at the array, such as via an RGB (red, green and blue) filter or via a red/red complement filter or such as via an RCC (red, clear, clear) filter or the like. The logic and control circuit of the imaging sensor may function in any known manner, and the image processing and algorithmic processing may comprise any suitable means for processing the images and/or image data.

For example, the vision system and/or processing and/or camera and/or circuitry may utilize aspects described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,005,974; 5,760,962; 5,877,897; 5,796,094; 5,949,331; 6,222,447; 6,302,545; 6,396,397; 6,498,620; 6,523,964; 6,611,202; 6,201,642; 6,690,268; 6,717,610; 6,757,109; 6,802,617; 6,806,452; 6,822,563; 6,891,563; 6,946,978; 7,859,565; 5,550,677; 5,670,935; 6,636,258; 7,145,519; 7,161,616; 7,230,640; 7,248,283; 7,295,229; 7,301,466; 7,592,928; 7,881,496; 7,720,580; 7,038,577; 6,882,287; 5,929,786 and/or 5,786,772, and/or International Publication Nos. WO 2011/028686; WO 2010/099416; WO 2012/061567; WO 2012/068331; WO 2012/075250; WO 2012/103193; WO 2012/0116043; WO 2012/0145313; WO 2012/0145501; WO 2012/145818; WO 2012/145822; WO 2012/158167; WO 2012/075250; WO 2012/0116043; WO 2012/0145501; WO 2012/154919; WO 2013/019707; WO 2013/016409; WO 2013/019795; WO 2013/067083; WO 2013/070539; WO 2013/043661; WO 2013/048994; WO 2013/063014, WO 2013/081984; WO 2013/081985; WO 2013/074604; WO 2013/086249; WO 2013/103548; WO 2013/109869; WO 2013/123161; WO 2013/126715; WO 2013/043661 and/or WO 2013/158592 and/or PCT Application No. PCT/US2014/042229, filed Jun. 13, 2014 and published Dec. 24, 2014 as International Publication No. WO 2014/204794, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/446,099, filed Aug. 22, 2014 and published Feb. 26, 2015 as U.S. Publication No. US-2015-0054378; Ser. No. 14/377,940, filed Aug. 11, 2014 and published Jan. 22, 2015 as U.S. Publication No. US-2015-0022665; Ser. 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No. 13/774,315, filed Feb. 22, 2013 and published Aug. 22, 2013 as U.S. Publication No. US-2013-0215271; Ser. No. 13/681,963, filed Nov. 20, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,264,673; Ser. No. 13/660,306, filed Oct. 25, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,146,898; Ser. No. 13/653,577, filed Oct. 17, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,174,574, and/or Ser. No. 13/534,657, filed Jun. 27, 2012 and published Jan. 3, 2013 as U.S. Publication No. US-2013-0002873, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The system may communicate with other communication systems via any suitable means, such as by utilizing aspects of the systems described in International Publication Nos. WO/2010/144900; WO 2013/043661 and/or WO 2013/081985, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/202,005, filed Aug. 17, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,126,525, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

The imaging device and control and image processor and any associated illumination source, if applicable, may comprise any suitable components, and may utilize aspects of the cameras and vision systems described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,677; 5,877,897; 6,498,620; 5,670,935; 5,796,094; 6,396,397; 6,806,452; 6,690,268; 7,005,974; 7,937,667; 7,123,168; 7,004,606; 6,946,978; 7,038,577; 6,353,392; 6,320,176; 6,313,454 and/or 6,824,281, and/or International Publication Nos. WO 2010/099416; WO 2011/028686 and/or WO 2013/016409, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/508,840, filed Jul. 24, 2009, and published Jan. 28, 2010 as U.S. Pat. Publication No. US 2010-0020170, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/534,657, filed Jun. 27, 2012 and published Jan. 3, 2013 as U.S. Publication No. US-2013-0002873, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The camera or cameras may comprise any suitable cameras or imaging sensors or camera modules, and may utilize aspects of the cameras or sensors described in U.S. Publication No. US-2009-0244361 and/or U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,542,451; 7,965,336 and/or 7,480,149, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The imaging array sensor may comprise any suitable sensor, and may utilize various imaging sensors or imaging array sensors or cameras or the like, such as a CMOS imaging array sensor, a CCD sensor or other sensors or the like, such as the types described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,677; 5,670,935; 5,760,962; 5,715,093; 5,877,897; 6,922,292; 6,757,109; 6,717,610; 6,590,719; 6,201,642; 6,498,620; 5,796,094; 6,097,023; 6,320,176; 6,559,435; 6,831,261; 6,806,452; 6,396,397; 6,822,563; 6,946,978; 7,339,149; 7,038,577; 7,004,606; 7,720,580 and/or 7,965,336, and/or International Publication Nos. WO/2009/036176 and/or WO/2009/046268, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

The camera module and circuit chip or board and imaging sensor may be implemented and operated in connection with various vehicular vision-based systems, and/or may be operable utilizing the principles of such other vehicular systems, such as a vehicle headlamp control system, such as the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,796,094; 6,097,023; 6,320,176; 6,559,435; 6,831,261; 7,004,606; 7,339,149 and/or 7,526,103, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a rain sensor, such as the types disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,353,392; 6,313,454; 6,320,176 and/or 7,480,149, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a vehicle vision system, such as a forwardly, sidewardly or rearwardly directed vehicle vision system utilizing principles disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,550,677; 5,670,935; 5,760,962; 5,877,897; 5,949,331; 6,222,447; 6,302,545; 6,396,397; 6,498,620; 6,523,964; 6,611,202; 6,201,642; 6,690,268; 6,717,610; 6,757,109; 6,802,617; 6,806,452; 6,822,563; 6,891,563; 6,946,978 and/or 7,859,565, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a trailer hitching aid or tow check system, such as the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,005,974, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, a reverse or sideward imaging system, such as for a lane change assistance system or lane departure warning system or for a blind spot or object detection system, such as imaging or detection systems of the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,881,496; 7,720,580; 7,038,577; 5,929,786 and/or 5,786,772, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a video device for internal cabin surveillance and/or video telephone function, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,760,962; 5,877,897; 6,690,268 and/or 7,370,983, and/or U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0050018, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, a traffic sign recognition system, a system for determining a distance to a leading or trailing vehicle or object, such as a system utilizing the principles disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,396,397 and/or 7,123,168, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties, and/or the like.

Optionally, the circuit board or chip may include circuitry for the imaging array sensor and or other electronic accessories or features, such as by utilizing compass-on-a-chip or EC driver-on-a-chip technology and aspects such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,255,451 and/or 7,480,149 and/or U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0061008 and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/578,732, filed Oct. 14, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,487,144, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Optionally, the vision system may include a display for displaying images captured by one or more of the imaging sensors for viewing by the driver of the vehicle while the driver is normally operating the vehicle. Optionally, for example, the vision system may include a video display device disposed at or in the interior rearview mirror assembly of the vehicle, such as by utilizing aspects of the video mirror display systems described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,690,268 and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/333,337, filed Dec. 21, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,264,672, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The video mirror display may comprise any suitable devices and systems and optionally may utilize aspects of the compass display systems described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,370,983; 7,329,013; 7,308,341; 7,289,037; 7,249,860; 7,004,593; 4,546,551; 5,699,044; 4,953,305; 5,576,687; 5,632,092; 5,677,851; 5,708,410; 5,737,226; 5,802,727; 5,878,370; 6,087,953; 6,173,508; 6,222,460; 6,513,252 and/or 6,642,851, and/or European patent application, published Oct. 11, 2000 under Publication No. EP 0 1043566, and/or U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0061008, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Optionally, the video mirror display screen or device may be operable to display images captured by a rearward viewing camera of the vehicle during a reversing maneuver of the vehicle (such as responsive to the vehicle gear actuator being placed in a reverse gear position or the like) to assist the driver in backing up the vehicle, and optionally may be operable to display the compass heading or directional heading character or icon when the vehicle is not undertaking a reversing maneuver, such as when the vehicle is being driven in a forward direction along a road (such as by utilizing aspects of the display system described in International Publication No. WO 2012/051500, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety).

Optionally, the vision system (utilizing the forward facing camera and a rearward facing camera and other cameras disposed at the vehicle with exterior fields of view) may be part of or may provide a display of a top-down view or birds-eye view system of the vehicle or a surround view at the vehicle, such as by utilizing aspects of the vision systems described in International Publication Nos. WO 2010/099416; WO 2011/028686; WO 2012/075250; WO 2013/019795; WO 2012/075250; WO 2012/145822; WO 2013/081985; WO 2013/086249 and/or WO 2013/109869, and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/333,337, filed Dec. 21, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,264,672, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Optionally, a video mirror display may be disposed rearward of and behind the reflective element assembly and may comprise a display such as the types disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,530,240; 6,329,925; 7,855,755; 7,626,749; 7,581,859; 7,446,650; 7,370,983; 7,338,177; 7,274,501; 7,255,451; 7,195,381; 7,184,190; 5,668,663; 5,724,187 and/or 6,690,268, and/or in U.S. Publication Nos. US-2006-0061008 and/or US-2006-0050018, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The display is viewable through the reflective element when the display is activated to display information. The display element may be any type of display element, such as a vacuum fluorescent (VF) display element, a light emitting diode (LED) display element, such as an organic light emitting diode (OLED) or an inorganic light emitting diode, an electroluminescent (EL) display element, a liquid crystal display (LCD) element, a video screen display element or backlit thin film transistor (TFT) display element or the like, and may be operable to display various information (as discrete characters, icons or the like, or in a multi-pixel manner) to the driver of the vehicle, such as passenger side inflatable restraint (PSIR) information, tire pressure status, and/or the like. The mirror assembly and/or display may utilize aspects described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,184,190; 7,255,451; 7,446,924 and/or 7,338,177, which are all hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The thicknesses and materials of the coatings on the substrates of the reflective element may be selected to provide a desired color or tint to the mirror reflective element, such as a blue colored reflector, such as is known in the art and such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,910,854; 6,420,036 and/or 7,274,501, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Optionally, the display or displays and any associated user inputs may be associated with various accessories or systems, such as, for example, a tire pressure monitoring system or a passenger air bag status or a garage door opening system or a telematics system or any other accessory or system of the mirror assembly or of the vehicle or of an accessory module or console of the vehicle, such as an accessory module or console of the types described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,289,037; 6,877,888; 6,824,281; 6,690,268; 6,672,744; 6,386,742 and/or 6,124,886, and/or U.S. Publication No. US-2006-0050018, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

Changes and modifications in the specifically described embodiments can be carried out without departing from the principles of the invention, which is intended to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims, as interpreted according to the principles of patent law including the doctrine of equivalents. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A vehicle monitoring system, said vehicle monitoring system comprising: a central processor operable to receive data wirelessly communicated to said central processor from multiple vehicles, wherein said central processor is not part of any vehicle of the multiple vehicles; wherein each of the multiple vehicles is equipped with a plurality of vision sensors and a plurality of non-vision sensors; wherein said plurality of vision sensors comprises (i) at least one forward viewing camera, (ii) at least one sideward viewing camera and (iii) at least one rearward viewing camera; wherein said plurality of non-vision sensors comprises at least one of (a) a radar sensor and (b) a LIDAR sensor; wherein each of the multiple vehicles is equipped with an electronics control unit (ECU); wherein image data captured by said plurality of vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles is provided to the ECU of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein sensor data sensed by said plurality of non-vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles is provided to the ECU of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein image data and sensor data provided to the ECU of each of the multiple vehicles is processed at that ECU to detect and classify objects external to the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein the respective ECU wirelessly communicates (i) vehicle data indicative of operation of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (ii) environment data indicative of the environment in which the respective one of the multiple vehicles is traveling; wherein said central processor is operable to wirelessly receive, from each of the multiple vehicles, the respective vehicle data indicative of operation of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and the respective environment data indicative of the environment in which the respective one of the multiple vehicles is operating; wherein, responsive to vehicle data and environment data wirelessly received at said central processor from the multiple vehicles, said central processor determines if one or more of the multiple vehicles is at or approaching a hazardous condition; and wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system at least one of (i) actuates an alert of the threatened vehicle to alert a driver of the threatened vehicle of the determined hazardous condition and (ii) controls a vehicle system of the threatened vehicle to mitigate the determined hazardous condition.
 2. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein at least some of the multiple vehicles are equipped with a GPS-enabled e-Horizon.
 3. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 2, wherein each of the multiple vehicles is a semi-autonomous vehicle.
 4. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the GPS-enabled e-Horizon of the respective vehicle provides to the respective vehicle environment data related to at least one of (i) a speed limit, (ii) an exit ramp location, (iii) an entry ramp location, (iv) road curvature information and (v) lanes.
 5. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system actuates an alert of the threatened vehicle to alert a driver of the threatened vehicle of the determined hazardous condition.
 6. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system controls a vehicle system of the threatened vehicle to mitigate the determined hazardous condition.
 7. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 6, wherein said vehicle system comprises at least one of (i) a brake system, (ii) a steering system, (iii) a torque control and (iv) a collision avoidance system.
 8. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the environment data comprises at least one of (i) map information, (ii) traffic information and (iii) weather condition information.
 9. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle data comprises at least one of (i) vehicle longitudinal velocity, (ii) vehicle lateral velocity, (iii) vehicle longitudinal acceleration, (iv) vehicle lateral acceleration and (v) actuation of a turn signal indicator of the respective vehicle.
 10. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein each of the multiple vehicles includes a vehicle-to-infrastructure communication system that is operable to communicate data to said central processor.
 11. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the multiple vehicles comprises a semi-autonomous vehicle.
 12. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 11, wherein, responsive to a determination that the semi-autonomous vehicle is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system controls at least one vehicle system of the semi-autonomous threatened vehicle to mitigate the determined hazardous condition.
 13. A vehicle monitoring system, said vehicle monitoring system comprising: a central processor operable to receive data wirelessly communicated to said central processor from multiple vehicles, wherein said central processor is not part of any vehicle of the multiple vehicles; wherein each of the multiple vehicles is equipped with a plurality of vision sensors and a plurality of non-vision sensors; wherein said plurality of vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles comprises (i) at least one forward viewing camera viewing exterior the respective one of the multiple vehicles through a windshield of that vehicle, (ii) at least one sideward viewing camera mounted at a left side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and at least one sideward viewing camera mounted at a right side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (iii) at least one rearward viewing camera mounted at a rear portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein said plurality of non-vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles comprises at least (a) a radar sensor mounted at a left side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles, (b) a radar sensor mounted at a right side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (c) a radar sensor mounted at a front portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein each of the multiple vehicles is equipped with an electronics control unit (ECU); wherein image data captured by said plurality of vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles is provided to the ECU of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein sensor data sensed by said plurality of non-vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles is provided to the ECU of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein image data and sensor data provided to the ECU of each of the multiple vehicles is processed at that ECU to detect and classify objects external to the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein the respective ECU wirelessly communicates (i) vehicle data indicative of operation of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (ii) environment data indicative of the environment in which the respective one of the multiple vehicles is traveling; wherein said central processor is operable to wirelessly receive, from each of the multiple vehicles, the respective vehicle data indicative of operation of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and the respective environment data indicative of the environment in which the respective one of the multiple vehicles is operating; wherein, responsive to vehicle data and environment data wirelessly received at said central processor from the multiple vehicles, said central processor determines if one or more of the multiple vehicles is at or approaching a hazardous condition; wherein the environment data comprises at least one of (i) map information, (ii) traffic information and (iii) weather condition information; and wherein the vehicle data comprises at least one of (i) vehicle longitudinal velocity, (ii) vehicle lateral velocity, (iii) vehicle longitudinal acceleration, (iv) vehicle lateral acceleration and (v) actuation of a turn signal indicator of the respective vehicle.
 14. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 13, wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system actuates an alert of the threatened vehicle to alert a driver of the threatened vehicle of the determined hazardous condition.
 15. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 13, wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system controls a vehicle system of the threatened vehicle to mitigate the determined hazardous condition.
 16. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 15, wherein said vehicle system comprises at least one of (i) a brake system, (ii) a steering system, (iii) a torque control and (iv) a collision avoidance system.
 17. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 13, wherein each of the multiple vehicles includes a vehicle-to-infrastructure communication system that is operable to communicate data to said central processor and wherein at least one of the multiple vehicles comprises a semi-autonomous vehicle.
 18. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 13, wherein at least some of the multiple vehicles are equipped with a GPS-enabled e-Horizon, and wherein the GPS-enabled e-Horizon of the respective vehicle provides to the respective vehicle environment data related to at least one of (i) a speed limit, (ii) an exit ramp location, (iii) an entry ramp location, (iv) road curvature information and (v) lanes.
 19. A vehicle monitoring system, said vehicle monitoring system comprising: a central processor operable to receive data wirelessly communicated to said central processor from multiple vehicles, wherein said central processor is not part of any vehicle of the multiple vehicles; wherein each of the multiple vehicles is equipped with a plurality of vision sensors and a plurality of non-vision sensors; wherein said plurality of vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles comprises (i) at least one forward viewing camera viewing exterior the respective one of the multiple vehicles through a windshield of that vehicle, (ii) at least one sideward viewing camera mounted at a left side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and at least one sideward viewing camera mounted at a right side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (iii) at least one rearward viewing camera mounted at a rear portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein said plurality of non-vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles comprises at least (a) a radar sensor mounted at a left side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles, (b) a radar sensor mounted at a right side portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (c) a radar sensor mounted at a front portion of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein at least some of the multiple vehicles are equipped with a GPS-enabled e-Horizon; wherein each of the multiple vehicles is equipped with an electronics control unit (ECU); wherein image data captured by said plurality of vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles is provided to the ECU of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein sensor data sensed by said plurality of non-vision sensors of each of the multiple vehicles is provided to the ECU of the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein image data and sensor data provided to the ECU of each of the multiple vehicles is processed at that ECU to detect and classify objects external to the respective one of the multiple vehicles; wherein the respective ECU wirelessly communicates (i) vehicle data indicative of operation of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and (ii) environment data indicative of the environment in which the respective one of the multiple vehicles is traveling; wherein said central processor is operable to wirelessly receive, from each of the multiple vehicles, the respective vehicle data indicative of operation of the respective one of the multiple vehicles and the respective environment data indicative of the environment in which the respective one of the multiple vehicles is operating; wherein, responsive to vehicle data and environment data wirelessly received at said central processor from the multiple vehicles, said central processor determines if one or more of the multiple vehicles is at or approaching a hazardous condition; wherein the environment data comprises at least one of (i) map information, (ii) traffic information and (iii) weather condition information; and wherein the vehicle data comprises at least one of (i) vehicle longitudinal velocity, (ii) vehicle lateral velocity, (iii) vehicle longitudinal acceleration, (iv) vehicle lateral acceleration and (v) actuation of a turn signal indicator of the respective vehicle.
 20. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 19, wherein said plurality of non-vision sensors comprises a LIDAR sensor.
 21. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 20, wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system actuates an alert of the threatened vehicle to alert a driver of the threatened vehicle of the determined hazardous condition.
 22. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 20, wherein, responsive to the determination that one or more of the multiple vehicles is a threatened vehicle at a potentially hazardous condition, said central monitoring system controls a vehicle system of the threatened vehicle to mitigate the determined hazardous condition.
 23. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 22, wherein said vehicle system comprises at least one of (i) a brake system, (ii) a steering system, (iii) a torque control and (iv) a collision avoidance system.
 24. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 20, wherein each of the multiple vehicles includes a vehicle-to-infrastructure communication system that is operable to communicate data to said central processor and wherein at least one of the multiple vehicles comprises a semi-autonomous vehicle.
 25. The vehicle monitoring system of claim 20, wherein the GPS-enabled e-Horizon of the respective vehicle provides to the respective vehicle environment data related to at least one of (i) a speed limit, (ii) an exit ramp location, (iii) an entry ramp location, (iv) road curvature information and (v) lanes. 